Small raised and lowered digits, signs and letters for formulas, footnotes and exponents.
72 symbols - click any symbol to copy
Last reviewed on October 31, 2026
Every digit from 0 to 9 has both a superscript and a subscript form, along with plus, minus, equals and parentheses. That is enough for exponents like x² and m³, footnote marks, and chemical formulas such as H₂O and CO₂. The digits ¹ ² ³ come from the old Latin-1 set and are the most widely supported.
Unicode does not give you a full raised or lowered alphabet. Superscript letters cover most of the alphabet but not all of it, and capitals are patchy. Subscript letters are limited to a short list: a e h i j k l m n o p r s t u v x. Longer words cannot be written reliably in either style.
Because these are separate characters, they can look uneven. The glyph may be taller than expected or drop below the baseline in some fonts, and searches or screen readers may treat them differently from ordinary digits. In formatted documents and web pages, real superscript and subscript styling is the better choice. Use pasted characters in plain text, usernames and captions.
Typical uses include x² and x³ for area and volume, 10⁶ for a million, H₂O and CO₂ in chemistry, and a footnote marker like ¹ after a word. Combine digits to write larger exponents, such as 2¹⁰ for 1024, and add ⁻ for negative powers, as in 10⁻³.
Type x and then the superscript two ² (U+00B2). Copy it from this page or use the character map on your system.
Use the subscript digit ₂ (U+2082) to write H₂O. CO₂ works the same way with the same character.
Unicode only encodes a limited set of small letters, mainly for phonetics and a few notations. Missing letters have no matching character.